- Blood Pressure: 120/80 mmHg is a normal reference, though "normal" spans ~90/60 to 120/80; hypertension definitions depend on guidelines.
- Pulse Rate: Resting adult pulse is typically 60–100 bpm (not 70–100).
- Body Temperature: Typical oral range ~97.0–99.0°F (36.1–37.2°C). Your 98.24–98.6°F is narrower than standard.
- Breathing Rate: Normal adult respiratory rate is about 12–20 breaths/min
- Hemoglobin: Typical adult male ~13.8–17.2 g/dL; adult female ~12.1–15.1 g/dL (lab-specific).
- Hemoglobin A1c (A1c): long-term glucose control; normal <5.7% (prediabetes 5.7–6.4%, diabetes ≥6.5%).
- Total Cholesterol: Desirable <200 mg/dL (200–239 borderline high, ≥240 high).
- LDL cholesterol: "bad" cholesterol; optimal <100 mg/dL (lower targets for high-risk patients).
- HDL cholesterol: "good" cholesterol; desirable ≥40 mg/dL (men), ≥50 mg/dL (women).
- Potassium: 3.5—5.0 mmol/L
- Sodium: 135—145 mmol/L
- Triglycerides: Below 150 mg/dL (ideal)
- Total Blood Volume: Roughly 4.5–6.0 liters in adults (depends on sex/size); 5–6 L is a common estimate for the average adult.
- Blood Sugar:
- Children: ranges vary by age and fasting vs. postprandial; 70–130 mg/dL can be a post-meal target for some pediatric guidelines.
- Adults (fasting): normal fasting glucose is generally 70–99 mg/dL. Some clinical contexts use up to 110–115 mg/dL as upper normal.
- Iron: "8–15 mg/day" is ambiguous — recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is ~8 mg/day for adult men and postmenopausal women, ~18 mg/day for premenopausal women; needs age/sex context.
- White Blood Cells (WBC): 4,000—11,000 cells/µL
- Platelets: 150,000–400,000/µL is commonly cited; many labs use 150,000–450,000/µL as the full range.
- Red Blood Cells (RBC): Typical adult male ~4.7–6.1 million/µL, female ~4.2–5.4 million/µL — your 4.6–6.0 million/µL is close to the male range but should be sex-specific.
- Calcium: ~8.6–10.3 mg/dL — acceptable (lab-dependent).
- Vitamin D3( 25‑OH): Sufficiency is often defined as 20–50 ng/mL by some labs; many clinicians prefer ≥30 ng/mL for optimal status.
- Vitamin B12: 200–900 pg/mL is a common lab reference; levels <200 pg/mL suggest deficiency, and clinical interpretation depends on symptoms and methylmalonic acid/homocysteine.
- Creatinine and eGFR: kidney function; eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 is normal.
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): kidney function/nitrogen balance; lab-dependent.
- ALT and AST (liver enzymes): liver injury; lab-specific upper limits (~<40 U/L typical).
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin: cholestasis/liver function.
- Albumin and total protein: nutritional status and liver function.
- C-reactive protein (CRP) and/or high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP): systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk.
What do these letters and symbols mean?
- mmHg — millimeters of mercury, a unit of pressure equal to the pressure exerted by a column of mercury 1 millimeter high at 0°C.
- bpm — beats per minute
- g/dL — grams per deciliter
- mg/dL — Milligrams Per Deciliter
- mmol/L — millimoles per liter
- cells/µL — means the concentration of specific cells (like red blood cells, white blood cells, or lymphocytes) present in one microliter (µL) of blood.
- /µL — microliter is a metric unit of liquid volume equal to one-millionth of a liter
- ng/mL — nanograms per milliliter is a unit of measurement in medicine and toxicology indicating the concentration of a substance, such as drugs, hormones, or proteins, in a fluid (blood, urine, saliva). A nanogram is one-billionth of a gram, measuring minute, precise amounts.
- pg/mL — picograms per milliliter, a small unit of measurement used in lab tests to measure concentration, particularly for hormones like estrogen or testosterone. One picogram is one-trillionth of a gram.
NOTE: This is just a guideline. ALWAYS CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR!